Scaffold FastAPI + MySQL + Keycloak service with devcontainer

Sets up the project skeleton:

- FastAPI app factory with lifespan, request-id middleware, and RFC 9457
  problem+json error handlers
- Async SQLAlchemy 2.0 over MySQL (asyncmy), with a constraint naming
  convention in place before the first migration and async Alembic
- Keycloak as a pure resource server: OIDC discovery, cached JWKS with
  rotation-aware refresh, and require_roles dependencies
- Devcontainer running MySQL 8.4 and Keycloak 26.7 as compose siblings,
  with the realm (clients, roles, test users) imported on first boot
- Test suite covering the endpoints plus the token validator itself,
  exercised against a locally generated RSA keypair
- uv packaging, ruff, mypy --strict, pre-commit, Gitea CI, prod Dockerfile

Two Keycloak-in-containers traps are handled explicitly and documented in
the README: the issuer/internal-URL split (the browser sees localhost:8080,
the API sees keycloak:8080) and the audience mapper that stops Keycloak
issuing tokens with aud=account.

The devices resource is a placeholder proving the routing -> auth -> ORM ->
migration path end to end; replace it with the real domain.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 <[email protected]>

migrations/env.py

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+"""Alembic environment, async flavour."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import asyncio
+import os
+from logging.config import fileConfig
+
+from alembic import context
+from sqlalchemy import pool
+from sqlalchemy.engine import Connection
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import async_engine_from_config
+
+# Importing the model package registers every table on Base.metadata.
+# Without this import, autogenerate would produce an empty migration.
+from v2x_server.core.config import get_settings
+from v2x_server.models import Base
+
+config = context.config
+
+if config.config_file_name is not None:
+    fileConfig(config.config_file_name)
+
+target_metadata = Base.metadata
+
+
+def _database_url() -> str:
+    """Prefer an explicit override, else the configured application database.
+
+    ALEMBIC_DATABASE_URL is what the test suite sets to migrate `v2x_test`.
+    """
+    return os.getenv("ALEMBIC_DATABASE_URL") or get_settings().database_url
+
+
+def run_migrations_offline() -> None:
+    context.configure(
+        url=_database_url(),
+        target_metadata=target_metadata,
+        literal_binds=True,
+        dialect_opts={"paramstyle": "named"},
+        compare_type=True,
+        compare_server_default=True,
+    )
+    with context.begin_transaction():
+        context.run_migrations()
+
+
+def do_run_migrations(connection: Connection) -> None:
+    context.configure(
+        connection=connection,
+        target_metadata=target_metadata,
+        compare_type=True,
+        compare_server_default=True,
+    )
+    with context.begin_transaction():
+        context.run_migrations()
+
+
+async def run_async_migrations() -> None:
+    configuration = config.get_section(config.config_ini_section, {})
+    configuration["sqlalchemy.url"] = _database_url()
+
+    connectable = async_engine_from_config(
+        configuration,
+        prefix="sqlalchemy.",
+        poolclass=pool.NullPool,
+    )
+
+    async with connectable.connect() as connection:
+        await connection.run_sync(do_run_migrations)
+
+    await connectable.dispose()
+
+
+def run_migrations_online() -> None:
+    asyncio.run(run_async_migrations())
+
+
+if context.is_offline_mode():
+    run_migrations_offline()
+else:
+    run_migrations_online()

migrations/script.py.mako

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+"""${message}
+
+Revision ID: ${up_revision}
+Revises: ${down_revision | comma,n}
+Create Date: ${create_date}
+
+"""
+
+from collections.abc import Sequence
+
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
+${imports if imports else ""}
+revision: str = ${repr(up_revision)}
+down_revision: str | None = ${repr(down_revision)}
+branch_labels: str | Sequence[str] | None = ${repr(branch_labels)}
+depends_on: str | Sequence[str] | None = ${repr(depends_on)}
+
+
+def upgrade() -> None:
+    ${upgrades if upgrades else "pass"}
+
+
+def downgrade() -> None:
+    ${downgrades if downgrades else "pass"}

migrations/versions/367021e73a20_create_devices_table.py

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+"""create devices table
+
+Revision ID: 367021e73a20
+Revises:
+Create Date: 2026-09-10
+
+"""
+
+from collections.abc import Sequence
+
+import sqlalchemy as sa
+from alembic import op
+
+revision: str = "367021e73a20"
+down_revision: str | None = None
+branch_labels: str | Sequence[str] | None = None
+depends_on: str | Sequence[str] | None = None
+
+
+def upgrade() -> None:
+    op.create_table(
+        "devices",
+        sa.Column("id", sa.Integer(), autoincrement=True, nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("name", sa.String(length=128), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column("serial", sa.String(length=64), nullable=False),
+        sa.Column(
+            "status",
+            sa.Enum(
+                "active",
+                "inactive",
+                "maintenance",
+                name="devicestatus",
+                native_enum=False,
+                length=32,
+            ),
+            server_default="active",
+            nullable=False,
+        ),
+        sa.Column("description", sa.String(length=512), nullable=True),
+        # Plain CURRENT_TIMESTAMP rather than the parenthesised form autogenerate
+        # emits under SQLite: this spelling is valid on both backends.
+        sa.Column(
+            "created_at",
+            sa.DateTime(timezone=True),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+        ),
+        sa.Column(
+            "updated_at",
+            sa.DateTime(timezone=True),
+            server_default=sa.text("CURRENT_TIMESTAMP"),
+            nullable=False,
+        ),
+        sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("id", name=op.f("pk_devices")),
+        sa.UniqueConstraint("serial", name=op.f("uq_devices_serial")),
+        mysql_engine="InnoDB",
+        mysql_charset="utf8mb4",
+        mysql_collate="utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci",
+    )
+    op.create_index(op.f("ix_devices_name"), "devices", ["name"], unique=False)
+
+
+def downgrade() -> None:
+    op.drop_index(op.f("ix_devices_name"), table_name="devices")
+    op.drop_table("devices")